(一)be going to 的用法点拨
be going to 是一种固定结构,它后面要接动词原形,用来表示按计划或安排要发生的动作,有时也可以表示推测将要或肯定会发生的动作,有“准备;打算”的意思。含有be going to 结构的句子中往往有表示将来的时间状语。例如:
主语+be(am/is/are)+going to+动词原形
We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon.今天下午我们打算开班会。(安排)
Look at the black clouds. It's going to rain.看那些乌云,快要下雨了。(推测)
(二)be going to 在肯定句中的形式
be going to 结构中的助动词be很少用原形,它一般有三种形式,即:am , is , are 。当主语是 I 时用am ;当主语是第三人称单数时用is;当主语是其他人称时用are。(系动词(am/is/are)的用法:我(I)用am,你(you)用are, is连着他(he)她(she)它(it),凡是复数都用are)
构成:主语+be(am/is/are)+going to +动词原形
例如:
I am going to buy something tomorrow morning.明天早上我要去买些东西。
She is going to see Mr. Wang this afternoon.她打算今天下午去看望王先生。
(三)含be going to 的句子变否定句和疑问句的变法
由于句子中有助动词be,因此be going to 的否定句和一般疑问句的构成很容易,即在be (am, is, are) 的后面加上not 就构成了否定句;把be (am, is, are) 放到句首,在句末加问号就构成了一般疑问句,其答语为:Yes, 主语+ am/is/are. / No, 主语+ isn't/aren't. / No, I'm not.不过 I am... 在改为一般疑问句时常常改为“Are you ....?”。
例如:
(1)They are going to see the car factory next week. (肯定句)
否定句:在系动词(am/is/are)后+not
They are not going to see the car factory next week. (否定句)
一般疑问句:Be+主语+going to +动词原形(把系动词提到主语前面)
-Are they going to see the car factory next week?
-Yes, they are. (No, they aren't.) (一般疑问句及其回答)
(2)I am going to climb mountains.(肯定句)
Are you going to climb mountains? ------Yes, I am.(变一般疑问句时,第一人称变为第二人称)
特殊疑问句:疑问词+be +主语+going to +动词原形
He is going to have a picnic next Sunday. 下个星期天他打算去野餐。(对划线部分提问)
---What is he going to do next Sunday?
He is going to have a picnic next Sunday. 下个星期天他打算去野餐。(对划线部分提问)
----When is he going to have a picnic?
(四)使用be going to 应注意的两点
1. There be 句型的be going to 结构为:There is / are going to be... (注意句型中going to 后面的be不能改为have。) 常用来表示将有某事发生。例如:
There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school.下周六我们学校将有一场足球比赛。
2. come, go, leave, arrive等表示位置移动的动词常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作,它们很少与be going to 结构连用。例如:
Miss Sun is coming tonight.今晚孙小姐要来。